我正在尝试使用朴素贝叶斯来检测文本中的幽默。我从这里获取了这段代码，但我遇到了一些错误，由于我对机器学习和这些算法还比较陌生，我不知道如何解决这些问题。我的训练数据包含了一些单行笑话。我知道其他人也问过同样的问题，但我还没有找到答案。

import osimport iofrom pandas import DataFramefrom sklearn.feature_extraction.text import CountVectorizerfrom sklearn.naive_bayes import MultinomialNBdef readFiles(path):    for root, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(path):        for filename in filenames:            path = os.path.join(root, filename)            inBody = False            lines = []            f = io.open(path, 'r', encoding='latin1')            for line in f:                if inBody:                    lines.append(line)                elif line == '\n':                    inBody = True            f.close()            message = '\n'.join(lines)            yield path, messagedef dataFrameFromDirectory(path, classification):    rows = []    index = []    for filename, message in readFiles(path):        rows.append({'message': message, 'class': classification})        index.append(filename)    return DataFrame(rows, index=index)data = DataFrame({'message': [], 'class': []})data = data.append(dataFrameFromDirectory('G:/PyCharmProjects/naive_bayes_classifier/train_jokes', 'funny'))data = data.append(dataFrameFromDirectory('G:/PyCharmProjects/naive_bayes_classifier/train_non_jokes', 'notfunny'))vectorizer = CountVectorizer()counts = vectorizer.fit_transform(data['message'].values)classifier = MultinomialNB()targets = data['class'].valuesclassifier.fit(counts, targets)examples = ['Where do steers go to dance?  The Meat Ball', 'tomorrow I press this button']examples_counts = vectorizer.transform(examples)predictions = classifier.predict(examples_counts)print(predictions)

以下是错误信息：

Traceback (most recent call last):  File "G:/PyCharmProjects/naive_bayes_classifier/NaiveBayesClassifier.py", line 55, in <module>    counts = vectorizer.fit_transform(data['message'].values)  File "C:\Users\mr_wizard\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\sklearn\feature_extraction\text.py", line 869, in fit_transform    self.fixed_vocabulary_)  File "C:\Users\mr_wizard\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\sklearn\feature_extraction\text.py", line 811, in _count_vocab    raise ValueError("empty vocabulary; perhaps the documents only"ValueError: empty vocabulary; perhaps the documents only contain stop words

这是来自train_jokes的一些输入：

"[me narrating a documentary about narrators] ""I can't hear what they're saying cuz I'm talking""""Telling my daughter garlic is good for you. Good immune system and keeps pests away.Ticks, mosquitos, vampires... men."I've been going through a really rough period at work this week It's my own fault for swapping my tampax for sand paper."If I could have dinner with anyone, dead or alive... ...I would choose alive. -B.J. Novak-"Two guys walk into a bar. The third guy ducks.Why can't Barbie get pregnant? Because Ken comes in a different box. HeyoooooooWhy was the musician arrested? He got in treble.Did you hear about the guy who blew his entire lottery winnings on a limousine? He had nothing left to chauffeur it.What do you do if a bird shits on your car? Don't ask her out again.He was a real gentlemen and always opened the fridge door for me

train_jokes包含大约250,000个单行笑话或推文，而train_non_jokes包含一些不幽默的简单句子。目前，我还没有准备好非幽默文件，只有一些来自Twitter的句子。

回答：

问题不在于代码，而在于训练数据。首先，G:/PyCharmProjects/naive_bayes_classifier/train_jokes和G:/PyCharmProjects/naive_bayes_classifier/train_non_jokes必须是包含训练数据文件的目录路径（因此train_jokes和train_non_jokes是目录）。另一方面，我的文件中没有换行符，所以变量inBody一直是false。为了让程序正常运行，训练数据需要像这样：

text here and then blank lineanother textand this is it

（我只是删除了对inBody的引用，这解决了换行符的问题）。这些是我在观看那个视频时忽略的一些细节，因为他没有提到这些。感谢大家的回答，这对我帮助很大。