在过去的两天里,我一直在努力寻找一种正确的方式来调整和输入我的数据到sklearn.preprocessing的fit_transform
方法中。我的数据是从成千上万的量子化学计算中解析出来的。我有几个特征,最后是一个与原子位置相关的25×25矩阵。最终的pandas数据框看起来像这样:
特征A (int), 特征B (float), 特征C (float), 特征D (float), [矩阵]
实际上,这个矩阵是用零填充并展平的,所以数据框中包含的是一个625×1的numpy数组。
问题在于,当我尝试分割并拟合我的数据来训练我的Sequential
模型时,X_train = scaler.fit_transform(X_train)
会抛出一个错误:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TypeError Traceback (most recent call last)TypeError: 只能将大小为1的数组转换为Python标量以上异常是以下异常的直接原因:ValueError Traceback (most recent call last)<ipython-input-18-a0e62fa4eda4> in <module>()----> 1 X_train = scaler.fit_transform(X_train)4 frames/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/numpy/core/_asarray.py in asarray(a, dtype, order) 83 84 """---> 85 return array(a, dtype, copy=False, order=order) 86 87 ValueError: 尝试用序列设置数组元素。
看起来如果我的数据包含一个numpy数组(甚至是一个列表)作为其中一个特征,我就无法使用它来进行拟合。我在这种情况下应该怎么做呢?
附注:
如果有帮助的话,这里是X_train中的一行(我们可以看到我有一个子数组,这就是让我头疼的地方):
print(X_train[0])array([2, array([1.36220678e+03, 1.05000000e+02, 1.05000000e+02, 1.12460036e+01, 1.12460877e+01, 1.12461039e+01, 1.12460515e+01, 1.12460803e+01, 1.12460599e+01, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 1.05000000e+02, 5.33587074e+01, 1.36111111e+01, 6.75949416e+00, 6.75947066e+00, 6.75946638e+00, 1.70097114e+00, 1.70097442e+00, 1.70097229e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 1.05000000e+02, 1.36111111e+01, 5.33587074e+01, 1.70096614e+00, 1.70097517e+00, 1.70097691e+00, 6.75949013e+00, 6.75946954e+00, 6.75947172e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 1.12460036e+01, 6.75949416e+00, 1.70096614e+00, 5.00000000e-01, 6.05278494e-01, 6.05278867e-01, 2.26938983e-01, 2.12534321e-01, 2.12455393e-01, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 1.12460877e+01, 6.75947066e+00, 1.70097517e+00, 6.05278494e-01, 5.00000000e-01, 6.05280577e-01, 2.12534792e-01, 2.12456720e-01, 2.26940528e-01, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 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0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 1.12460599e+01, 1.70097229e+00, 6.75947172e+00, 2.12455393e-01, 2.26940528e-01, 2.12535342e-01, 6.05278949e-01, 6.05280203e-01, 5.00000000e-01, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 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0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00]), 0.004850999999999999, 0.24708899999999998, 0.28475300000000003, 0.285264, -0.00352, -0.00028, -0.00072], dtype=object)
回答:
首先,让我们构建一个可以重现ValueError
的数据框
导入pandas 作为 pdtest_df = pd.DataFrame({'prop_float_%i' % ind: np.random.rand(100) for ind in range(3)})test_df['prop_int'] = np.random.randint(0,100,100)# 创建矩阵列 test_df['matrix'] = np.random.rand(100).astype('object')for ind in range(100):test_df.at[ind,'matrix'] = np.random.rand(625)
test_df
的前五行看起来像
prop_float_0 prop_float_1 prop_float_2 prop_int matrix0 0.748796 0.413757 0.750549 87 [0.0013304191112200048, 0.8335838936187671, 0....1 0.982136 0.014367 0.072711 62 [0.13101366609934562, 0.3455947047272854, 0.67...2 0.767685 0.289047 0.376070 67 [0.5403591994226811, 0.20985464836499557, 0.47...3 0.894771 0.008032 0.458049 11 [0.5520592944741991, 0.1013914150023918, 0.522...4 0.174076 0.493082 0.045521 10 [0.3383177346302546, 0.8874405729210008, 0.169...5 0.701766 0.232873 0.905511 11 [0.42878413331053633, 0.4555373221498983, 0.19...
其中matrix
列中的条目是(625,)
数组。
我假设你想将features
和matrix
(这是原子位置!!!原子位置与基态能量等属性的单位不同!!!)一起标准化,那么你需要在应用fit_transform
之前扩展matrix
列
df_mat = pd.DataFrame(test_df['matrix'].values.tolist()).astype('float')test_df = test_df.drop('matrix',axis=1)test_df.reset_index(drop=True,inplace=True)df_mat.reset_index(drop=True,inplace=True)flattened_df = pd.concat([test_df,df_mat],axis=1)
如你所见,在flattened_df
中,原始的matrix
列被扩展为625列,在flattened_df
上,你可以应用
从sklearn.preprocessing 导入 MinMaxScalermm_scalar = MinMaxScaler()transformed_array = mm_scalar.fit_transform(flattened_df)